Sunday, March 8, 2020

(Academics) Unit 3: Genetics / Unit 4: Theatre




Review of Unit 2: Courage


Word formation

1. While many philosophers and researchers have      SEEK    to define courage, others have identified different dimensions of courage.


2. …the firefighter is voluntarily and consciously risking personal physical well-being for the          BETTER      of others.


3. Physical courage is often easy to conceptualise because the risks are     OBSERVE     in nature.


4. A possible definition of moral courage is ‘the ability to use inner principles to do what is good for others,     REGARD     of threat to self, as a matter of practice.’



Chose the right option. What does the word in bold mean?

1. Authors often have / have often noted the importance of moral courage in employee whistle-blowing behaviours as well as leadership positions.

2. Rarely does / Rarely an employee ‘whistle-blow’ or decide whether / if to resuscitate a patient and other forms of courage may be more relevant to day-to-day interactions in the workplace.

Unscramble

Another often identified type of courage is eurialprenentre courage, which generally describes when an individual takes a financial risk and the associated mifionsracati with the loss of money.

Word formation

1.       MANAGE    courage is defined as, ‘      WILL     to do right in the face of risk’

2.  Two examples are when an individual gives     CORRECT      feedback to an employee and risks upsetting the employee, or when an individual confronts a disruptive co-worker who may    ACT     with anger.



Unit 3 and 4


Aims / skills

Language and skills used in giving presentations

Appreciating and analysing literary texts







Work in pairs.


What do you know about cloning? Are the following statements true or false?

1 Since Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1996, many other animals have been cloned, for example, cats, deer, dogs, horses, rabbits and rats.
2 Cloned animals always look the same.
3 Human stem cells have been cloned in laboratories to grow human tissue.
4 A human being has never been cloned.










In the future, do you think scientists will try and clone a human being?

Why / why not?











What traits have you inherited from your ancestors / parents?

(Talk about your appearance, your physical health and your personality)








How Mendel's pea plants helped us understand genetics



Where and when did Mendel live?

How did Mendel study Heredity?

Dominant / recessive: Green Yellow

Which colour in the example is the recessive trait?

What are alleles?

homozygous and heterozygous:  yy    YY    Yy

Genotype / Phenotype which is the result of a combination?



Image result for punnett square




Image result for punnett square

Lead in reading:








He Jiankui, who claimed to have created the world’s first genetically edited babies, at a conference in Hong Kong this week. Other scientists have sharply denounced his work.CreditCreditKin Cheung/Associated Press

add the words in the right place

attention-grabbing      focus       fields          expense       transplant       sights         talent                 a step too far      in common      luring        edited 


BEIJING — First it was a proposal to ______ a head to a new body. Then it was the world’s first cloned primates. Now it is genetically  _____ babies.

Those recent scientific announcements, generating reactions that went from unease to shock, had one thing  ________: All involved scientists from China.

China has set its ______ on becoming a leader in science, pouring millions of dollars into research projects and ______ back top Western-educated Chinese _______. The country’s scientists are accustomed to ________  headlines by their colleagues as they race to dominate their _____.

But when He Jiankui announced on Monday that he had created the world’s first genetically edited babies, Chinese scientists — like those elsewhere — denounced it as _______. Now many are asking whether their country’s intense _______ on scientific achievement has come at the _______ of ethical standards.

Discuss the extract

How do you feel about the idea of genetic editing? Excited? Appalled? 

What about other breakthrough science like Einstein's discoveries in physics? 










Sunday, March 1, 2020

(Upper-Intermediate) What is Ethics?


At its simplest, ethics is a system of moral principles. They affect how people make decisions and lead their lives.
Ethics is concerned with what is good for individuals and society and is also described as moral philosophy.
The term is derived from the Greek word ethos which can mean custom, habit, character or disposition.
Ethics covers the following dilemmas:
  • how to live a good life
  • our rights and responsibilities
  • the language of right and wrong
  • moral decisions - what is good and bad?
Our concepts of ethics have been derived from religions, philosophies and cultures. They infuse debates on topics like abortion, human rights and professional conduct.

Approaches to ethics

Philosophers nowadays tend to divide ethical theories into three areas: meta-ethics, normative ethics and applied ethics.
  • Meta-ethics deals with the nature of moral judgement. It looks at the origins and meaning of ethical principles.
  • Normative ethics is concerned with the content of moral judgements and the criteria for what is right or wrong.
  • Applied ethics looks at controversial topics like war, animal rights and capital punishment
Find out more here:

Introduction to Ethics

(Advanced) Optimism and Pessimism


Image result for glass half full meme nihilist


Discuss












Your ideal day.














Your ideal night.














Your ideal job.












Your ideal you.













Your ideal love life. 










Pessimistic or optimistic?

cheering, comforting, cynical, nihilist, nihilistic, desperate, discouraging, disheartening, inauspicious, unlikely, unpromising, bleak, cheerless, idealist, romantic, utopian, visionary

cheerful, cheery, chipper, sunny, fatalistic, hopeful, optimistic, Panglossian, Pollyanna, Pollyannaish (also Pollyannish), rose-colored, rosy, upbeat, comfortless, depressing, desolate, positive dismal, dreary, funereal, gloomy, morose, saturnine, sepulchral, somber (or sombre), sullen, grim, contrary, reassuring, favorable, hostile, negative, auspicious, bright, encouraging, fair, golden, heartening, likely, promising, propitious



Image result for I don't know why we are here, but I'm pretty sure that it is not in order to enjoy ourselves.




listen from 20.11 - 20.56

1. Would you describe Alain's comments on compromise in love optimistic or pessimistic?

listen from 20.56 - 22.00


2. What is Kierkegaard - an optimist, a pessimist, a realist or a nihilist?



Image result for obama hope


14.58 - 18.28

3. Watch the speech and discuss it.








ABOUT WE’RE DOOMED. NOW WHAT?

An American Orwell for the age of Trump, Roy Scranton faces the unpleasant facts of our day with fierce insight and honesty. We’re Doomed. Now What?penetrates to the very heart of our time.

Our moment is one of alarming and bewildering change—the breakup of the post-1945 global order, a multispecies mass extinction, and the beginning of the end of civilization as we know it. Not one of us is innocent, not one of us is safe. Now what?


Listen from 7.26 - 8.56
1. What can religion and spirituality teach us about solving the biggest threat to human survival?


Discuss the quote below:
Image result for I’m a pessimist because of intelligence, but an optimist because of will.




Image result for 200 countries 200 years

Watch:

200 Countries 200 Years


Language Focus




Have you ever imagined an ideal world? The genre of dystopia – the ‘not good place’– has captured the imaginations of artists and audiences alike for centuries. But why do we bother with all this pessimism? Alex Gendler explains how dystopias act as cautionary tales – not about some particular government or technology, but the very idea that humanity can be molded into an ideal shape.


Link:

How to recognize a dystopia



Check you know the answers to these questions.

Who ruled Plato's Republic?

Who coined the word "Utopia"?

What is one of the earliest examples of dystopian literature? Which groups of society did the book satirise?

What keeps people happy in Brave New World?

What were the two common promises of modern utopian political movements?

Which novel influenced the novel 1984?

What is the movie Dr Strangelove about?

What does The Handmaid's Tale warn us about?

What anxieties have more recent dystopian fictions explored?

What do dystopian visions all have in common apart from pessimism?






If you’ve watched the news or followed politics, chances are you’ve heard the term Orwellian thrown around in one context or another. But have you ever stopped to think about what it really means, or why it’s used so often? Noah Tavlin dissects the term.

Watch and takes notes. The share your understanding with a partner using the video with the sound off.



Link:

What "Orwellian" really means

What does it say in general about the word "orwellian"? It's common use.

What do you learn about Orwell's life?

What did Orwell believe about language?

What is Orwellian language?

What happens at the ministries of love, truth, peace etc?

What are joy camps?

What is newspeak?

What are thought crimes?

Why is the word "orwellian"n sometimes itself an "orwellian" word?




The term Kafkaesque has entered the vernacular to describe unnecessarily complicated and frustrating experiences, especially with bureaucracy. But does standing in a long line to fill out confusing paperwork really capture the richness of Kafka’s vision? Beyond the word’s casual use, what makes something "Kafkaesque"?



Before watching








Who is Poseidon?















Do you ever feel that life is absurd?














Have you ever been to Prague?













Have you ever had bad experiences with bureaucracy?











Have you ever worked in bureaucracy?












What are bureaucrats like? Write down some adjectives - positive and negative...











Link:

What makes something "Kafkaesque"?

25 question Kahoot


Vocab


-nw-rthy


c-rc-l-r


-mb-lm-t-c


tr-g-c-m-c


dr--m l-g-c


-rb-tr-ry


c--ght -p -n


r--lm


gr--tn-ss


tw-st


an-nym-ty


fr--d


str-ngth -f w-ll


tyr-nny


unst-pp-bl-


f-nct--n


p-rp-t--t-


th-s


--t -f n-wh-r-


b-w-ld-r-ng


pr-c--d-ngs


sc-n-r--


c-me -p w-th



t- -nt-r th- v-rn-c-l-r


n-v-g-t-


c-s--l -s-


m-nd-n-


-n p-rt


c-mp-ll-d


t-rn --t t- b-


-n th- f-rst pl-c-


b- sw-mp-d w-th


d-m--n


t-ll-ng (adj)


bl--kn-ss


n-ns-ns-c-l


c-nv-l-t-d


sh-rtc-m-ngs


f-r th- b-tt-r