Compound nouns / Describe objects using only paraphrasing

Practice the grammar here (defining relative clauses)

Using relative clauses to define something (without naming it)

What is it?

It's something that helps ships.

It's something that has a bright light in it.

It's something that you see on the coast.

It's something that is tall.

It's something that you can see from far away.

Using clauses of purpose to define something (without naming it)

It's used to guide ships in the night.

It's used by sea captains and sailors.

It's used in sea navigation.

It's essential for safety at sea.

It's used on coasts and on reefs and islands.

Other ways to define something (without naming it)

It's made of concrete and glass.

It's often painted white.

It sometimes has a keeper.

36 compound nouns

Lighthouse

Egg slicer

Typewriter

Log cabin

Pitchfork

Birdcage

Flashlight

Rocking chair

Hot air balloon

Eggbeater

King cobra

Band rotunda

Ice cream sundae

Roulette wheel

Lifeboat

Sidecar

Spiral staircase

Mexican hat

Pet carrier

Fishpond

Birdbath

Feather boa

Horse saddle

Loudspeaker

Praying mantis

Hardhat

Nuclear missile

Iceberg

Workbench

Chairlift

Hand trolley

Tadpole

Rockpool

Fuit platter

Overalls

Double-sided tape

Hula hoop

Ball and chain

Cocktail umbrella

Bread queue

Golf cart

Answering personal questions

Family 

Write down 5  questions you could ask someone about their family life.

As a whole class, collect the best 10 questions and put them on the board.

Interests

Write down 5 questions you would like someone to ask you. They can be about anything at all. Something you know about, or enjoy talking about…

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2.

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5.

Skill - openers, reaction phrases

Before answering a question, try beginning with an opener or reaction phrase like these:

Great question.

This questions is quite a tricky one to answer.

I was wondering if you'd ask me that.

I like this question.

Oh well, I guess...

Well obviously,

Hmmm. Let me think a bit.

Wow! Good question.

Okay, let's see.

This my favourite topic.

Interesting question.

Thanks for asking.

In my case that's a bit complicated.

Oh dear - I was hoping you wouldn't ask that.

I'm glad you asked.

Sorry, but could you repeat that?

It's a long story, but the short answer is...

The simple answer is...

Well as you might already suspect...

How do these openers make the person asking the questions feel?

Now try answering some questions about family and try always beginning with an opener.

Repeat this idea using different personal topics:

Friendship

Childhood

Travel

Leisure time

Relationships

Feelings

School

Hobbies

Daniel Radcliffe Answers the Web's Most Searched Questions

Before listen, guess what some of the questions were:

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10

Daniel Radcliffe Answers the Web's Most Searched Questions

Did Daniel use opener or reaction phrases?

Write down a question you would like someone to ask you (in front of everyone) today.

Example

Why do you look so happy today?

Pass the question to the person next to you. Have them ask you this question in front of the whole class.

Use an opener, and respond in detail to the question.

Antonyms and Synonyms

Antonyms

1. take

2. red

3. empty

4. dirty

5. cool

6. tasteless

7. raw

8. sour

9. asleep

10. late

1. on purpose

2. common

3. stay

4. fail

5. many

6. none

7. war

8. stressed

9. reward

10. dry

1. together

2. absent

3. child

4. minimum

5. true

6. hopeless

7. modest

8. educated

9. complicated

10. innocent

Synonyms

1. person

2. animal

3. delicious

4. angry

5. jump

6. triumph

7. run

8. challenging

9. sightless

10. ghost

1. stone

2. river

3. weird

4. rich

5. serpent

6. hazard

7. chance

8. sight

9. power

10. night

1. country

2. educator

3. recall

4. two times

5. journey

6. narrow

7. soil

8. actual

9. past

10. lovely

Speaking practice

 Write down five things you like about yourself.

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Write down five things you don't like about yourself.

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5.

Write down five things you did last year.

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5.

Write down five things you want to do next year.

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5.

Write down five things you can do for fun in your city or town.

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5.

Write down five things you are not good at.

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Write down five foods you hate.

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5.

Write down five cities you have visited.

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2.

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5.

Write down five English words you have learned recently.

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5.

Write down five films you have seen.

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5.

Write down five things you are afraid of.

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5.

Try to make your partner smile.

Have you ever lost your hop card?

Are you a night person or a day person?

What have you learned this week?

What's your lucky number?

Tell your partner two true things about yourself and one untrue thing. See if they can guess which one is the lie.

Do think you are a nice person? Why?

How much money did you spend yesterday?

What's the most important meal of the day - breakfast, lunch or dinner?

How many musical instruments can you name in 1 minute?

When you travel, do you prefer a backpack or suitcase?

What's the best thing to think about when you wake up in the morning?

What makes you different from the rest of your family?

Are you good with money?

Would you like to live in a cold country?

What is your favourite letter of the alphabet?

Do you prefer the number 10 or the number 11? Why?

If you had an English first name, what would it be?

If you had an English surname based on a colour would you prefer Green, Black, Brown, Grey or White?

IELTS Reading - Culture Shock

 The four stages of culture shock

Rejection

Adjustment

Adaptation

Honeymoon

What order do these happen?

1.

2.

3.

4.

Discussion:

1. Did you have a "honeymoon" time when you first arrived in NZ?

2. What are some things visitors to your country might reject or not understand at first?

3. What have you had to adjust to since coming to NZ?

4. Do you think you could ever adapt completely to living in this country and become a "kiwi"? What is a "kiwi" in your opinion?

Vocabulary

What's the difference?

a sense of adventure

a sense of danger

shock

surprise

circumstance

factor

setting

surroundings

illustration

example

consequence

result

discomfort

uncomfortable

perceive

understand

impolite

rude 

Skills - self evaluation

Skills

 

You: ___________________

 

Which one are you?

 

I find reading relatively easy – I don’t usually struggle.

I find reading challenging - I sometimes struggle.

I find reading very challenging – I struggle a lot.

 

I find listening relatively easy – I don’t usually struggle.

I find listening challenging - I sometimes struggle.

I find listening very challenging – I struggle a lot.

 

I find speaking relatively easy – I don’t usually struggle.

I find speaking challenging - I sometimes struggle.

I find speaking very challenging – I struggle a lot.

 

I find writing relatively easy – I don’t usually struggle.

I find writing challenging - I sometimes struggle.

I find writing very challenging – I struggle a lot.

Game Of Thrones Personality Adjectives

 Theme Song

Match the photos to the character and their personality trait:

 

A. Brienne of Tarth: Loyal

B. Arya Stark: Adamant

C. Petyr Baelish “Little Finger”: Cunning

D. Jon Snow: Heroic

E. Jaime Lannister: Charming

 

 

A) to change their mind

B) revenge

C) pleasant

D) his ambitions

E) appreciate

F) by supporting and protecting

G) brave and determined

Arya Stark: Adamant

If we say that someone is “adamant”, we are saying that someone refuses to be persuaded or 1___________________. As we know at this point, Arya is adamant in her pursuit of 2__________. 

 

Jon Snow: Heroic

We all love good, old Jon Snow, don’t we? I mean, there are many things that make us like his personality. He’s honest, sympathetic and reliable, but if there’s something that really stands out from his character, it’s his “heroic” personality, which means that he is admirably 3_____________, especially in difficult times.

 

Brienne of Tarth: Loyal

Being “loyal” means to show firm and constant support to someone, which is exactly what Brienne of Tarth has done 4___________________ Arya and Sansa Stark after swearing allegiance to their mother, Catelyn Stark.

Jaime Lannister: Charming

Jaime Lannister is one of these characters who we have come to 5________________more a more as seasons have gone by. One of his obvious positive traits is how “charming” he is, and not only physically. In the last few seasons, he has become more 6___________ and likeable, apart from his obvious physical charm.

Petyr Baelish “Little Finger”: Cunning

Little Finger has been an interesting and crucial character in Game of Thrones’ convoluted plot. In fact, he’s been one of the characters working in the shadows to pursue 7______________. He’s done everything by being “cunning”, that is, deceitful and evasive. 

Match:

Positive traits      persuade       stand out      likeable      deceitful      convoluted plot

Swearing allegiance  

 

Convince      be very obvious      commit to being very loyal              pleasant                        good personal qualities     cunning      complicated story       

18 personality adjectives

Free writing for 8 minutes:

Determination

Think about the following character qualities

Humble 

Why might someone have become humble?

Is it always good to be humble?

Bad-tempered 

Why might someone have become bad-tempered?

Think of a positive characteristic this person might have to balance their bad temper.

Devious 

Why might someone have become devious?

Do you know anyone who is devious?

Discuss these characters - what are their personalities like?

Arya Stark: Adamant

If we say that someone is “adamant”, we are saying that someone refuses to be persuaded or to change their mind. As we know at this point, Arya is adamant in her pursuit of revenge. 

Jon Snow: Heroic

We all love good, old Jon Snow, don’t we? I mean, there are many things that make us like his personality. He’s honest, sympathetic and reliable, but if there’s something that really stands out from his character, it’s his “heroic” personality, which means that he is admirably brave and determined, especially in difficult times.

Brienne of Tarth: Loyal

Being “loyal” means to show firm and constant support to someone, which is exactly what Brienne of Tarth has done by supporting and protecting Arya and Sansa Stark after swearing allegiance to their mother, Catelyn Stark.

Jaime Lannister: Charming

Jaime Lannister is one of these characters who we have come to appreciate more a more as seasons have gone by. One of his obvious positive traits is how “charming” he is, and not only physically. In the last few seasons, he has become more pleasant and likeable, apart from his obvious physical charm.

Petyr Baelish “Little Finger”: Cunning

Little Finger has been an interesting and crucial character in Game of Thrones’ convoluted plot. In fact, he’s been one of the characters working in the shadows to pursue his ambitions. He’s done everything by being “cunning”, that is, deceitful and evasive. 

Discuss

Which of these characters would you like to meet in person? Why?

Maisie Williams on playing Arya Stark

1. What were Ayra's key moments in the story, according to Maisie?
2. How would you say Maisie's personality differs from her character's?
3. What is the "spoiler" that Maisie drops?

Jon Snow comes to dinner

1. What time of year is it?

2. What does Seth tell Jon to ask the other guests?

3. Where did Seth and Jon meet?

Do you remember these characters? Give them some adjectives....

Cercei Lannister     Daenerys Targaryen      Samwell Tarly     Sansa Stark

Read about one character from the series.

Get into a group of three or four and write a short dialogue.

The characters need to display their personality traits in the dialogue.

The dialogue happens at a birthday barbeque.

 

Game of Thrones Personality Adjectives

A

 

B

 

C

 

D

 

1. Cercei Lannister: Ruthless

2. Daenerys Targaryen: Determined

3. Podrick: Humble

4. Tyrion Lannister: Shrewd

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

A. Toughest

B. Purpose

C. she reaches her goal

D. modest

E. analysing every situation 

F. likeable

G. shows no compassion

H. short stature

 

Cercei Lannister: Ruthless

Cercei Lannister is probably the 1 _________character in the whole series as regards achieving one’s aims. So you can say that she is ruthless, as she 2_____________ for others in achieving her ends.

 

Daenerys Targaryen: Determined

As we all know, Daenerys’ whole 3 __________ is to take back the Seven Kingdoms, which were usurped from her family. She has wanted this and worked towards this aim since almost the beginning of the show, so we can say that she is determined, as she will not stop until 4_____________.

 

Podrick: Humble

Podrick may not be one of the key characters in Game of Thrones, at least not so far, but he’s a 5___________ guy, isn’t he? I think what makes most of us like him is how humble he is despite being courageous and hard-working. He is 6 _________ and doesn’t think much of himself.

 

Tyrion Lannister: Shrewd

Ha! Now to one of our favourites: Tyrion Lannister. His 7___________has no doubt made him develop other skills to keep alive and be of use to his family and now to the Mother of Dragons. He is capable of 8 ____________ in order for the outcome to be in his advantage. He is, we would say, shrewd.

 

Which words in yellow mean the following?

 

Stole        in relation to       certainly        until now

Cercei Lannister: Ruthless

Cercei Lannister is probably the toughest character in the whole series as regards achieving one’s aims. So you can say that she is «ruthless», as she shows no compassion for others in achieving her ends.

Daenerys Targaryen: Determined

As we all know, Daenerys’ whole purpose is to take back the Seven Kingdoms, which were usurped from her family. She has wanted this and worked towards this aim since almost the beginning of the show, so we can say that she is «determined», as she will not stop until she reaches her goal.

Podrick: Humble

Podrick may not be one of the key characters in Game of Thrones, at least not so far, but he’s a likeable guy, isn’t he? I think what makes most of us like him is how «humble» he is despite being corageous and hard-working. He is modest and doesn’t think much of himself.

Tyrion Lannister: Shrewd

Ha! Now to one of our favourites: Tyrion Lannister. His short stature has no doubt made him develop other skills to keep alive and be of use to his family and now to the Mother of Dragons. He is capable of analysing every situation in order for the outcome to be in his advantage. He is, we would say, «shrewd».

Wise 

Opportunistic 

Ruthless 

Determined 

Diplomatic 

Bloodthirsty 

Thick 

Callous 

Valiant 

Beguiling 

Humble 

Trustworthy 

Bad-tempered 

Courageous 

Shrewd 

Cold-blooded 

Devious 

writing practice

Try using these words: because, and, but, always, often, sometimes, never, can, like to, don’t enjoy, find it hard to, so, also, for example…

 

When I was a kid, I was very ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

My friend ________________ is quite ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

My father can sometimes be ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

I’m quite a _______________ person. For example, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

 

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